on
this occasion let us discuss one by one about photography tools that we
customarily use in any event, especially in photography wedding
photography
first of all we need to know is:
The types of cameras
Film cameras, now also known as analog cameras by some.
Film format
Before we go into the types of film cameras is useful to know in advance a variety of formats / film size.
APS, Advanced Photography System. Small format 16x24mm film size, packaged in a cartridge. Although the format is relatively new, but unpopular. Stores that sell this type of movie hard to find in Indonesia.
first of all we need to know is:
The types of cameras
Film cameras, now also known as analog cameras by some.
Film format
Before we go into the types of film cameras is useful to know in advance a variety of formats / film size.
APS, Advanced Photography System. Small format 16x24mm film size, packaged in a cartridge. Although the format is relatively new, but unpopular. Stores that sell this type of movie hard to find in Indonesia.
135 format. Also known as 35mm film. 24x36mm in size, packaged in a cartridge containing 20 or 36 frames. This format is the most popular format, we encounter many around us.
Medium format
Large format
Film Types
Film B / W, black and white negative film.
Color negative films. The most popular, we often use.
Positive film, also called a slide. More expensive and prone to overexposure. Yet the colors produced better because it can capture a wider range of contrast.
The types of photos the camera
Pocket / compact. Pocket camera. Popular for the layman, simple and easy to operate as possible in every chance we met a lot of wedding photography. Using 35mm film format.
Range finder. Search camera distance. Small, at first glance similar to a pocket camera. The difference is, this camera has fokusing mechanism (hence called a rangefinder). Generally uses 35mm film format.
SLR, Single Lens Reflex. Single lens reflex camera. Popular with professionals, amateurs and hobbyists. Generally have a lens that can be replaced. Using 35mm film format. Also called system camera.
TLR, Twin Lens Reflex. Double lens reflex cameras. Typically use medium format.
View finder. Typically use medium format.
Manual and automatic camera camera
The latest SLR cameras are already equipped with autofocus and autoexposure systems but can still be operated manually.
Digital cameras
Digital Cameras Using a digital sensor instead of film with the use of storage media (Storage) berua memory card, just as SD, MMS, and so forth.
Consumer. Pocket cameras, cheap, easy to use. The lens can not be replaced. Most just have a full-automatic mode. Just point and shoot. Some, like the Canon A series, has a manual mode.
Prosumer. SLR-like camera, moderate prices. The lens can not be replaced. Shooting manual and auto mode.
DSLR. Digital SLR.
Camera Lens
Eye of the camera, generally determines the quality of images produced lenses have two important properties, namely the focal length and maximum aperture.
Field of View (FOV) of each lens has a wide FOV depends on the length and extent fokalnya film / sensor is used.
Field of View Crop, often mistakenly called the focal length multiplier. Almost all digital cameras have smaller sensor size than 35mm film, then the digital camera field of view is smaller than on a 35mm camera. For example a 50 mm lens on a Nikon D70 has the same FOV with a 75mm lens on a 35mm film camera (1.5x FOV crop factor)
Types of Lenses
a. Based on prime-vario
Fixed focal / Prime, has a fixed focal length, eg 35mm f/3.5 Fujinon has a focal length of 35 mm. Prime lens is less flexible, but the quality is higher than the zoom lens at the same price.
Zoom / Vario, has a focal length that can be changed, such as Canon EF-S 18-55mm f/3.5-5.6 has a focal length that can be changed from 18 mm to 55 mm. Flexible because fokalnya an adjustable length.
b. based on focal length
Wide, wide lens with FOV, focal length 35 mm or less. Typically used to photograph the scenery and buildings.
Normal, about 50 mm focal length. Lens is versatile, fast and cheap.
Telephoto lens with a narrow FOV, focal length of 70mm or more. To shoot from a distance.
c. based on the maximum aperture.
Fast, has a wide maximum aperture.
Slow, has a narrow maximum aperture.
d. special lenses
Macro lenses, used to shoot from close range
Tilt and Shift lens, can be bent.
Terms lens wide / telephoto (focal length based) above apply to 35mm film cameras. Nikkor 50 mm lens becomes a normal lens on a 35mm film camera, but a telephoto lens when used on Nikon D70 digital camera. On the Nikon D70 Nikkor 50 mm FOV FOV equivalent to 75 mm lens on a 35mm film camera.
Other auxiliary equipment for the Camera Photography
Tripod Necessary for shooting at a slow pace. At slower speeds, avoiding camera shake when held by hand (handheld). In general, the minimum speed is 1/focal handhel. Carry a tripod when hunting can be a hassle. For the purposes of hunting is usually brought on a tripod is a tripod that is lightweight and small.
Monopod Like a tripod, one leg. Easier to carry. Can only eliminate vertical shake only.
Flash To menerangai objects in dark conditions.
Filter To filter the incoming light. There are many kinds.
UV, UV light filter to prevent the foto2 Hazy landscape, often used to protect the lens from dust.
PL / CPL (Polarizer / Circular Polarizar) to reduce the shadows on a non-metallic surfaces. It could be to increase the contrast of the sky.
Exposure The amount of light entering the camera, depending on the aperture and speed.
Aperture / diaphragm. The larger the aperture the more light that entered. Aperture is expressed by numerical values are as follows: f / 1.4 f / 2 f / 3.5 f/5.6 f / 8. the greater the number (f number), the smaller the aperture aperturenya.
Shutter speed / aperture. The sooner, the less light to enter.
ISO, suggesting sensitivity of the sensor / film. The higher ISOnya the amount of light required less and less. ISO 100 film requires two times the amount of light ISO 200 films.
Example:
F/5.6 aperture combinations excl. 1/500 at ISO 100 equivalent to the aperture f / 8 excl 1/500 or f/5.6 excl. 1/1000 at ISO 200.
Exposure meter (light gauge) Nearly every modern camera has an internal light meter. It also provided an external light meter.
Exposure metering (often abbreviated as metering only), is a method of measuring light
Average metering, measuring the average light throughout the frame.
Center-weighted average metering, measuring the average light in the center of gravity.
Matrix / Evaluative metering, Measuring light in various parts of the frame, and then calculated the specific automated methods.
Spot metering, measuring the light only on a small section in the center of the frame only.
Exposure compensation, 18% gray.
Exposure meter always measures the light and get the highest measurement so that the resulting image light ranged in the 18% gray. So if we are aiming for a piece of white cloth and use the exposure setting as shown by the meter, then the white cloth will be gray in the picture. To overcome this we have to do exposure compensation. So we added exposure to white cloth.
Under exposured, the photo is too dark due to lack of exposure.
Over exposured, images are too bright because of excess exposure
The term stop
Up 1 stop, it means increased exposure to 2 times. Rose 2 stop, meaning that exposure was increased to 4 times. Down 1 stop exposure was reduced to 1/2 times. Down 2 stop exposure was reduced to 1/4 times.
Increase of 1 stop on the aperture as follows: f/22: f/16: f/11, f / 8 f / 5.6 f / 4 f / 2.8, f / 2. Different f-stop number is 0.7 times each (1 / Ö 2).
Increase of 1 stop at excl. Rana as follows: 1/2000; 1/1000: 1/500; 1/250; 1/125; 1/60; 1/30; 1/15; 1/8; 1/4; 1/2, 1. Different speed of each stop is 2 times.
DOF, Depth of Field, Depth of Field.
DOF is the sharp area around the focus. Depth of field is influenced by a large aperture, focal length, and distance to the object.
Aperture, the larger the aperture (smaller f number) then it will be more shallow DOF / narrow.
Focal length (the real), the focal length, DOF more shallow / narrow.
The distance to the object, the closer the distance to the object of the DOF more shallow / narrow.
Selection of DOF
If a narrow DOF, FG and BG will blur. Narrow DOF used if we want to isolate / highlight objects from the surrounding environment such as the portrait photographs or pictures of flowers.
If the DOF wide, FG and BG look sharper. DOF wide use if we want almost all parts of the image looks sharp, as in landscapes or photojournalism.
Shooting mode
Auto mode, point and shoot mode, just aim and shoot.
Full auto, the camera that determines all the parameters.
Portrait, a camera using the largest aperture to narrow DOF.
Landscape, the camera uses the smallest aperture.
Nightscene, use a slow speed and flash to capture the object and BG as well.
Fast Shuter speed
Slow shutter speed
Creative zone
P, program AE. Similar to the auto mode with more control. With this mode you can control the exposure compensation, ISO, metering mode, Auto / manual focus, white balance, flash on / off, and Continues shooting.
Tv, shutter speed priority AE. We determine the speed, the camera will calculate the correct aperture.
Av, aperture priority AE. We determine the aperture, the camera adjusts the speed.
M, manual exposure. We are determining the speed and aperture manually.
Composition and Angle.
Composition is the placement of objects in a picture frame Angle is the angle of shooting, from below, above, or equal. Composition and angle is more related to the art of photography. Factors influence taste great photographer.
the article above describes a fraction of the equipment that we customarily use in any occasion wedding photography event
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